Gratuity Calculator India 2026 – Payment of Gratuity Act, Formula & Tax Rules

Calculate your exact gratuity payout using the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972. Enter your last drawn salary and years of service for instant eligibility check, tax-free amount, and taxable portion.

Last updated: 2026 · Tax-free gratuity limit: ₹20 lakh (revised 2019) · Formula: (Salary × 15 × Years) ÷ 26

💡 Include Basic Salary + Dearness Allowance only — exclude HRA, TA, bonus, and other components
≥6 months in the final year counts as 1 full year (rounded up automatically)
The Act applies to organisations with 10+ employees. Once applicable, stays even if headcount falls below 10.
Gratuity Formula (Covered Employees — Payment of Gratuity Act)
Gratuity = (Basic+DA × 15 × Years) ÷ 26
15 = days wages per year  ·  26 = working days per month (52 weeks − 52 Sundays)  ·  Uncovered: salary × 0.5 × years
Gratuity Amount ₹0
Effective Years of Service 0 yrs
Tax-Free Limit (Sec. 10(10)) ₹20,00,000
Taxable Gratuity (above ₹20L) ₹0
Enter your details to calculate your gratuity.

⚠️ For illustration only. Consult HR or a labour law expert for your final entitlement.

📈 Gratuity Growth Projection Portfolio

Track your gratuity accumulation milestones. This breakdown shows projected statutory payments based on your current monthly salary of --. Future payout reflects the 15/26 formula for covered employees (or 15/30 for others).

Service tenure Projected Gratuity Growth %
* Projection assumes consistent base salary. Statutory ceiling of ₹20 Lakh applies to tax-free portion.

📝 How to Calculate Gratuity: A Step-by-Step Guide

Computing your gratuity involves identifying three key variables: your last salary, tenure, and whether the Gratuity Act applies. Follow these steps for an accurate estimate:

Step 1: Determine Your Monthly Salary

Add your Basic Salary and Dearness Allowance (DA) from your last payslip. Exclude HRA, bonuses, and special allowances as they are not part of the statutory definition of 'salary' for gratuity.

Step 2: Calculate Effective Years of Service

Count your total completed years. If your final year has 6 months or more, round it up to the next full year (e.g., 7 years 7 months = 8 years). If less than 6 months, round down.

Step 3: Apply the 15/26 Formula

Multiply your salary (Step 1) by 15, then multiply by your effective years (Step 2), and finally divide by 26.

(Salary × 15 × Years) ÷ 26
Step 4: Check Tax Implications

If your total is below ₹20 Lakh, it is completely tax-free under Section 10(10). Any amount exceeding this limit is taxable income.

💡 Understanding Gratuity in India

Gratuity is a statutory retirement benefit paid by employers to employees who complete 5+ years of continuous service, governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

⚖️

The 15/26 Formula Explained

Gratuity = (Basic+DA × 15 × Effective Years) ÷ 26

  • 15 = 15 days wages entitlement per year of service
  • 26 = working days in a month (52 weeks − 52 Sundays)
  • This works out to exactly half a month's salary per year

Example: ₹50,000/month × 15 × 10 years ÷ 26 = ₹2,88,462

For uncovered employees the divisor is 30 (not 26), giving: ₹50,000 × 0.5 × 10 = ₹2,50,000

🎯

Eligibility & the 5-Year Rule

  • Minimum 5 years of continuous service for resignation/retirement
  • If the 5th year has 240+ days (6+ months), it rounds up to a full year — so 4 years 7 months qualifies
  • On death or disability, gratuity is paid regardless of years served
  • On retrenchment, gratuity is payable before 5 years
  • Applies to all: permanent, contractual, and piece-rate workers
💸

Tax Rules & ₹20L Exemption

Gratuity is exempt from income tax under Section 10(10) of the Income Tax Act:

  • Government employees: fully tax-exempt, no upper limit
  • Covered private employees: exempt up to ₹20 lakh (revised 2019)
  • Non-covered employees: exempt up to the minimum of: actual gratuity, ₹20L, or half-month average salary per year
  • Amount above ₹20L is taxable as income from salary

At ₹50,000/month for 40 years: gratuity = ₹11.5L — well within the tax-free limit.

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What Counts as Salary

Only Basic Salary + Dearness Allowance (DA) is used for the gratuity formula.

  • Included: Basic pay, DA, retained DA
  • Excluded: HRA, travel/conveyance allowance, LTA, medical allowance, overtime, bonus, commission, incentives

A higher Basic Salary ratio in your CTC leads to a higher gratuity. Many employees negotiate a lower Basic to maximise in-hand pay — but this reduces gratuity.

Forfeiture & Refusal

Employers can forfeit gratuity only in limited cases:

  • Termination for wilful misconduct or negligence causing financial loss — forfeiture limited to the loss amount
  • Termination for moral turpitude — full forfeiture possible
  • Simple resignation after 5 years cannot be used to forfeit

If an employer refuses to pay, file with the Controlling Authority (Labour Commissioner). Delayed payment beyond 30 days attracts 10% simple interest per annum.

🏠

Gratuity vs EPF vs NPS

These three are separate, simultaneous retirement benefits — all payable on exit:

  • Gratuity: Employer-funded, one-time lump sum based on last salary & years
  • EPF: Employee + employer 12% each monthly. Portable across jobs.
  • NPS: Voluntary pension. 60% lump sum + 40% annuity at retirement.

Use the EPF Calculator and NPS Calculator alongside this for your full retirement picture.

📊 Real-Life Gratuity Examples

Understand how gratuity grows with salary and years of service using these examples.

👨‍💼 Example 1 — Mid-level Employee

Salary: ₹50,000/month
Service: 10 years

👉 Gratuity = ₹2.88 lakh
✔ Fully tax-free

🏢 Example 2 — Senior Employee

Salary: ₹1,50,000/month
Service: 20 years

👉 Gratuity = ₹17.3 lakh
✔ Fully tax-free

💼 Example 3 — High Income

Salary: ₹3,00,000/month
Service: 25 years

👉 Gratuity = ₹43.2 lakh
⚠ ₹23.2 lakh taxable

❓ Frequently Asked Questions about Gratuity

💵 Is gratuity mandatory for all employers in India?

The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 applies to organisations with 10 or more employees in factories, mines, oilfields, plantations, ports, railways, shops, or other establishments. Once an establishment is covered, it remains so even if its strength falls below 10. Smaller establishments may pay gratuity voluntarily by agreement. Government employees are covered under separate service rules with full tax exemption.

📅 Does 4 years 7 months qualify for gratuity?

Yes, in most cases. The Supreme Court and most High Courts have held that if an employee has worked 4 years and 240+ days (approximately 6+ months in the 5th year), they become eligible. The calculator rounds up months ≥6 in the final year automatically. However, some employers and courts interpret this strictly as exactly 5 years — consult a labour lawyer if disputed.

🏛️ What if my employer refuses to pay gratuity?

File a written application with your employer first (within 30 days of eligibility). If refused, file a complaint with the Controlling Authority (usually the Assistant Labour Commissioner) under Section 7 of the Gratuity Act. Delayed payment beyond 30 days attracts simple interest at 10% per annum. Criminal prosecution is possible under Section 9 for wilful default.

💡 Is gratuity paid only on retirement?

No. Gratuity is payable on: resignation (after 5 years), superannuation, retirement, death (to nominee/legal heir), permanent disability, or retrenchment. On death or disability, the 5-year requirement is completely waived. The gratuity must be paid within 30 days of becoming due.

💰 Can I receive gratuity and EPF at the same time?

Yes. Gratuity and EPF are completely separate legal entitlements. Both are payable on exit simultaneously. Gratuity comes from the employer's funds (or a gratuity trust/insurance policy), while EPF is a separate accumulated corpus from monthly contributions. Many companies also pay leave encashment as a third benefit.

📋 What is the maximum gratuity an employer must pay?

There is no upper cap on the gratuity amount under the Act itself — the formula can yield any amount based on salary and years. However, the tax exemption is capped at ₹20 lakh. Any gratuity above ₹20L must still be paid in full by the employer but the excess is taxable income. Employers can also voluntarily pay more than the Act mandates.

🏢 Is gratuity available to contractual employees?

Yes, if they meet the continuous service requirement. The definition of "employee" under the Act is broad and covers full-time, part-time, contractual, and piece-rate workers. Continuous service includes authorised leave, lay-off, and lockout periods. Short breaks in service may not break continuity if within the Act's provisions.

👤 Can I nominate someone for my gratuity?

Yes, and it is highly recommended. Under Section 6 of the Act, every employee who completes one year of service must nominate one or more family members. If you have a family, the nomination must be in favour of family members only; nominating a third party when you have a family is legally invalid.

👉 Is gratuity paid if I am terminated?

Generally, yes, if you have completed 5 years. However, gratuity can be forfeited if termination is for wilful misconduct, riotous behaviour, or an act of violence. If termination is for causing financial loss to the employer, the forfeiture is limited only to the extent of the loss.